Multiple sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis

General Overview :

A chronic (long-lasting) disorder of the central nervous system is multiple sclerosis (MS)..It is believed to be an autoimmune disease, a disease in which the body mistakenly attacks itself.Multiple sclerosis is an unpredictable disease that affects everyone differently.Some people with MS have only mild symptoms.Some people lose the ability to see, write, speak or walk clearly when communication between the brain and other parts of the body is impaired.Myelin is fatty tissue that surrounds and protects nerve fibers.In multiple sclerosis, myelin is destroyed in many areas.The loss of myelin leads to the formation of scar tissue called sclerosis.Plaques or lesions are other names for these regions..When nerves are damaged in this way, they are no longer able to transmit electrical impulses to the brain.Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease (the body's defense system destroys the body's cells) in which the myelin sheath of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord is damaged.These neurons are responsible for establishing communication in the body, that's why their disruption causes physical and mental problems. This disease occurs either intermittentlyor periodically, and it may reduce the lifespan of people by up to 5 years. About 90% of people who get MS lose their ability to move like walking when they die

Causes of multiple sclerosis :

The cause of MS is unknown, but some researchers believe that genetic factors and infectious factors are the cause

• Causes of multiple sclerosis can include:autoimmune disease Infectious agents such as viruses environmental factors

Symptoms :

 The symptoms of the disease are different based on the severity and course of the disease. Among the symptoms of MS patients are severe muscleweakness, numbness and inability to move. In this disease, double vision is common and the person loses his muscle coordination and It will not be the same as eating. After several years of illness, the muscles of the body begin to break down and become paralyzed, so that the person loses his independence of movement.The symptoms of multiple sclerosis are often unexpected.It can be mild or severe, short term or long term.They can appear in different combinations depending on which areas of the nervous system are affected.Here are the most common symptoms of multiple sclerosis.However, symptoms can vary from person to person.Early symptoms of multiple sclerosis Often the first symptoms of multiple sclerosis are:blurred vision or double visionred and green distortion Swelling of the optic nerve that causes pain and loss of vision (optic neuritis)difficulty walking Abnormal sensations or pain, such as numbness, tingling, or abnormal sensations (paresthesias) Other symptoms of multiple sclerosisThe arms and legs are weakened.adjustment problem.Walking and standing can become difficult.Partial or complete paralysis may also occur.Cramps Muscle tension increases involuntarily, causing stiffness and spasms.This can be caused by physical activity, but can be relieved by rest.You may experience fatigue that you cannot get rid of.language problem hearing loss bowel and bladder problems changes in sexual function About 50% of people with multiple sclerosis have thinking (cognitive) problems related to the disease.The impact of these issues should be minor.Doctors may only detect them after extensive testing.The problem could be in:focus (focal point) poor judgment MS symptoms are classified as primary, secondary and tertiary as follows:Primary symptoms, secondary symptoms and tertiary symptoms These symptoms are the direct result of myelin damage.trembling (shaking) vision losslost balancebladder and bowel problems.

Complications :

Complications such as the following can develop from early symptoms:Paralysis can lead to pressure ulcers.Bladder problems can lead to frequent urinary tract infections.Lack of exercise can lead to muscle weakness, poor muscle balance, low bone density and breathing problems.Being unable to move due to weakness or difficulty swallowing increases the risk of pneumonia.These are social, professional and psychological problems.Those who cannot walk or drive may lose their livelihood.The stress of chronic neurological disease can wreak havoc on relationships.Depression is common in people with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis symptoms can resemble other health conditions and problems.

Diagnosis:

Always consult your doctor for a diagnosis.There are no specific tests available to diagnose multiple sclerosis.However, a medical professional can make the diagnosis after a careful process to rule out other causes and disorders.To be diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, two conditions must be met:The two episodes must be separated by at least one month.A relapse is the sudden onset of symptoms of multiple sclerosis.Alternatively, if your multiple sclerosis symptoms have gotten worse for at least a day.There must be myelin damage in several areas of the central nervous system.Myelin is a sheath that surrounds and protects nerve fibers.The injuries must have occurred more than

Treatment :

In this disease, the patient must be closely monitored by a neurologist. From the moment a person feels severe muscle weakness, the patient must be continuously monitored by a physiotherapist before he loses his strength By using physiotherapy devices and manual therapy techniques, the physiotherapist facilitates the nerve path of the muscle and helps to restore the muscle to its normal function. Ithelps to reduce the muscular side effects of this disease to a minimum and does not lose its functional independence during this period. And it helps him to regain his health